译路畅通:英汉互译(青岛工学院)智慧树知到见面课、章节测试、期末考试答案

第一章测试
1.在中国影响最深,流传最广的翻译标准是严复的“信、达、雅”。( )
A:对
B:错
答案:对

2.翻译的基本单位有哪些?( )
A:段落
B:词语
C:句子
D:篇章
答案:段落;词语;句子;篇章

3.柳宗元的《江雪》的第一句“千山鸟飞绝”中的“千山”译为“a thousand mountains”.( )
A:错
B:对
答案:错

4.美国理论家奈达(Eugene A. Nida)把翻译定义为“ Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language, the equivalent of the source language message first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style.”( )
A:对
B:错
答案:对

5.泰特勒提出了著名的翻译三原则,1)译文应该完全传达有原文的思想,2)译文的写法与风格与原文的写法与风格相同,3)译文应如同译语创作一样流畅。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

6.语言的七大功能包括以下哪些选项?( )
A:美感功能
B:表情功能
C:信息功能
D:呼唤功能
答案:美感功能;表情功能;信息功能;呼唤功能

7.指称意义也称认知意义,指词语所指客体思想或行为之间的直接联系,指词的确切和字面的意义,就是字典意义。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:错

8.蕴含意义也称为情感意义,指词内涵的情感和联想意义,或词的隐含意义。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

9.翻译中的惯用法意识表现在学习者了解、熟悉并处处有意遵循英语的习惯用法,包括动词的用法、动词和其他词语的搭配(如动词与名词、介词、副词的搭配)、习语的用法、英语词汇中丰富的表达方式等。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

10.广博文化可以从以下哪些方面理解?( )
A:知识面,比如历史,地理,风土人情,自然风貌,文学艺术,文化传统,宗教信仰等
B:扎实的双语基本功
C:汉英两种语言所反映的中西文化差异的知识
D:翻译理论以及翻译相研究相关学科的知识,比如语言学及各个分支哲学,哲学,文学,心理学,美学等
答案:知识面,比如历史,地理,风土人情,自然风貌,文学艺术,文化传统,宗教信仰等;汉英两种语言所反映的中西文化差异的知识;翻译理论以及翻译相研究相关学科的知识,比如语言学及各个分支哲学,哲学,文学,心理学,美学等

第二章测试
1.在被动结构方面 。( )
A:英语和汉语被动句用的都很多。
B:英语多用主动来表示被动。
C:英语被动句用得少,汉语被动式用得多。
D:英语被动句用得多,汉语被动式用得少。
答案:英语被动句用得多,汉语被动式用得少。

2.以下哪个选项是汉语的特点:( )
A:形合、隐含性、 长句多、结构如葡萄串
B:形合、外显性、短句多、 结构如竹节
C:意合、隐含性,短句多、 结构如竹节
D:形合、外显性、长句多,结构如葡萄串
答案:意合、隐含性,短句多、 结构如竹节

3.关于英汉语言对比,不正确的是 ( )
A:主题突出一一主语突出
B:外显性连贯——隐含性连贯
C:修饰成分向右展开——修饰成分向左展开
D:长句多——短句多
答案:主题突出一一主语突出

4.英语句式的连贯显 ( )
A:外显性
B:外展性
C:隐藏性
D:隐含性
答案:外显性

5.汉语有很多无主句,这符合汉语意合的思维习惯。而英语则多重 ,句子一般都需要主句。汉译英时,就需要补出省略的主语,或改变句型结构。( )
A:对称
B:形合
C:对应
D:意合
答案:形合

6.汉语中被动句的使用范围相当窄,而英语中被动句表现能力强,使用频率高。汉译英时,必要时应改变句子的语态,以适应表达的需要。( )
A:对
B:错
答案:对

7.汉英段落翻译时,连贯性问题尤为重要。在英语中一般重视代词、同义词近义词,而汉语中则少重复,多替代。( )
A:对
B:错
答案:对

8.就句子结构而言,一般来说, 。( )
A:汉语多用并列结构,英语多用主从结构
B:汉语多用主从结构,英语多用并列结构
C:汉语多用主从结构,英语有多用主从结构
D:汉语多用并列结构,英语也多用并列结构
答案:汉语多用并列结构,英语多用主从结构

9.代词在英语和汉语里都经常使用,但总的说来, 。( )
A:英语代词用得多,汉语代词也用得多
B:汉语代词用得少,英语代词也用得少
C:英语代词用得多,汉语代词用得少
D:汉语代词用得多,英语代词用得少
答案:英语代词用得多,汉语代词用得少

10.在翻译中,当多个时间状语出现时,英语按时间先后顺序排列,而汉语中状语的顺序则比较灵活。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:错

第三章测试
1.我完全同意。I can't agree with you more. 本句翻译时实现了正说反译。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

2.原文: An acquaintance of history is helpful to the study of current affairs.译文:熟悉历史有助于研究时事。
本句中运用的主要翻译方法是:( )
A:增词
B:词性转换
C:具体变抽象
D:省略
答案:具体变抽象

3.原文:绝对不许违反这个原则。
译文:No violation of this principle can be tolerated.
对该句子的翻译,该译者采用的主要翻译技巧是 。( )
A:省略
B:从具体到抽象
C:从抽象到具体
D:词类转换
答案:词类转换

4.原文:该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛,经久耐用。
译文: The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.
对于原文中的划线部分,译者采用的主要翻译技巧是 。 ( )
A:增词
B:减词
C:分译法
D:词类转换
答案:词类转换

5.下面这句话的翻译运用了哪种翻译技巧? ( )
原文: An increase in the December 2006 passenger volume by 13.3 percent versus the same month last year meant that the total for the full year (19.2 million passengers) was 7.6 percent higher than in 2005.
译文: 2006年12月的旅客人数较前一年同期增加了13.3%, 这说明全年的旅客总数(1920万人)较2005年增加了7.6%。
A:长句拆分
B:省略
C:增词
D:融合
答案:长句拆分

6.原文:获悉贵国遭受地震,我们极为关切。
译文:We are deeply concerned by the news that your country has been struck by an earthquake.
翻译本句时,译者运用的主要翻译方法是 。( )
A:反说正译
B:省略法
C:增词法
D:词类转换法
答案:词类转换法

7.原文:They enjoy three of the best things in life along the Nile — tea, conversation, and the water pipe.
译文:他们享受着尼罗河沿岸人生中三件最美好的事情——喝茶、聊天和抽水烟。
翻译本句时,译者运用的主要翻译方法是 。 ( )
A:增词法
B:反说正译
C:词类转换法
D:省略法
答案:增词法

8.大自然对人的恩赐,无论贫富,一律平等。People,rich or poor, are equally favored by Nature. 本句翻译时使用了主被动语态的转换。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

9.人们在叙述同一事物或表达同一思想时,可以正说,也可以反说。例如,他是外乡人。他不是本地人。通常情况下,汉译英采用对应译法,即正说正译,反说反译。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

10.黄鼠狼给鸡拜年,不怀好心。The weasel goes to pay respects to the henwthout the best of intentions. the weasel pays a courtesy visit to the hen with evil intent. 本句话体现了正反转换的翻译方法。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

第四章测试
1.如果人生像水一样注定要流进容器,我愿意像杯子、像面盆、哪怕是塑料桶。即便没有大海的宽阔和深沉,即便平庸。但是,活得简单、干脆、透明、实用。( )
A:If it's inevitable that life will be in a container just like water, I'd like mine to be like a cup, a washbasin, and a plastic bucket will also do. Even though it does not have the vastness and profundity of the sea, or it will be mediocre, life at least is simple, clean, transparent and practical.
B:If life must be shaped by its container, I'd rather mine take the shape of a cup, a basin or even a plastic bucket; lacking the width and depth of the sea, plain and common as it is, my life is at least simple, upright, transparent and useful.
答案:B
2.父亲吊起他的双手,用粗粗的皮带抽打他。重重的体罚只会加重他的叛逆。( )
A:His father hung him by the hands and beat him with a thick leather belt, but the severe corporal punishment made him all the more rebellious.
B:His father had to resort to such severe punishment as hanging him by the hands and flogging him with a strong belt, which only drove him further to defiance.
答案:B
3.他被叫到老师办公室。走在去办公室的路上,他做好了种种应付老师的心理准备。他想,老师这次一定不会轻易饶他的。( )
A:He was consequently summoned to the teacher's office. On the way he was trying to steel himself for the teacher's impending reproaches; he knew he would not be spared this time.
B:He was summoned to the teacher's office. On the way, he well prepared himself for the teacher's reproach, believing that he would not be easily spared this time.
答案:A
4.我想,那好吧,让这妮子靠在我这老头子的肩上宽一下心。( )
A:I thought, well, I would let the girl lean on my old shoulder to calm herself down.
B:I thought, well, the lass could use a bit of an old shoulder to lean on.
答案:B
5.我们又总是关注一件事时才发现另一件,于是我们便常常被绊住,闹得举棋不定。( )
A:It often happens that only when we are doing one thing do we find another thing. So we're entangled, not knowing what to do first.
B:It often occurs that our attention is drawn to one thing only after we have engaged in another. The former may be more important than the latter and give rise to a divided mind.
答案:B
6.别的方面呢?平常女孩子所喜好的事,她却一点都不爱。( )
A:Besides, she didn't like at all the things ordinary girls like.
B:And what's more, she didn't share the same likes with ordinary girls.
答案:B
7.当前,祖国内地和香港的发展都处在一个新的历史起点上。我们既面临着难得的发展机遇,也面临着严峻挑战。( )
A:We are now standing at a new historical juncture in the development of both the mainland and Hong Kong and are facing rare opportunities for development and severe challenges.
B:Both the mainland and Hong Kong are now at a new historical starting line in their development endeavor. We face both rare opportunities of development and grave challenges.
答案:A
8.六年来,在中央和国务院的正确领导下,经过西部地区各族人民的艰苦奋斗、开拓创新,西部大开发取得了重大进展和明显成效。( )
A:Over the past six years, we have made great progress and delivered impressive results in China's Western Development Drive, which is due to the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and to the diligence and pioneering innovation of all ethnic groups in Western China.
B:Over the past six years, our efforts in developing Western China have fruited in major progress and noticeable results, which should be attributed to the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and the hard work and the pioneering and innovative spirit of all the ethnic groups in Western China.
答案:A
9.佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲的聪明能干,却舒服。( )
A:The life of a tenant farmer's family was of course hard, but it was somehow comfortable because mother was a clever and able woman.
B:The life of a tenant farmer's family was of course hard, but we somehow managed to scrape along because mother was a clever and able woman.
答案:B
10.鳏寡孤独废疾者皆有所养。( )
A:Those who have no kin and cannot support themselves as well as those who are sick or handicapped should all be properly taken care of.
B:Helpless widows and widowers, the lonely, as well as the sick and disabled, are well cared for.
答案:A

第五章测试
1.中国改革经过三十多年,已进入深水区。其中,“深水区”,可直译为deep water zone。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:错

2.翻译“中国特色社会主义法治道路”时,“法治道路”的“道路”一词属于范畴类虚义名词,在英文中可不译。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

3.“全面依法治国是一个系统工程,必须统筹兼顾、把握重点、整体谋划,更加注重系统性、整体性、协同性。”翻译这句话时,因为句子较长,为使译文简洁,可考虑将长句分为三个独立句子,并添加主语we。( )
A:错
B:对
答案:对

4.“新发展理念”可译为a new vision of development.译文中下划线的单词还可以用哪个词来替代?( )
A:philosophy.
B:idea
C:concept
D:thinking
答案:philosophy.

5.“供给侧结构性改革”可译为supply-side structural reform。( )
A:对
B:错
答案:对

6.“人类命运共同体”有不同的译法,如a human community with a shared future,a global community of shared future等,目前较推荐的译法是a human community with a shared future。( )
A:对
B:错
答案:错

7.“反腐败斗争”可译为 。( )
A:fight/combat corruption
B:the struggle against corruption
C:the fight against corruption
D:the anti-corruption campaign
答案:fight/combat corruption;the struggle against corruption;the fight against corruption;the anti-corruption campaign

8.“勇于自我革命是中国共产党区别于其他政党的显著标志。”这句话中“自我革命”可译为self-reform, self-transformation或 self- revolution。( )

A:错
B:对
答案:错

9.原文:100年来,党领导人民不懈奋斗,不断进取,成功开辟了实现中华民族伟大复兴的正确道路。
译文:Over the past century, the party has led the people in forging ahead ceaselessly, opening up the right path to national rejuvenation.
这句话的翻译中体现了英汉两种语言的什么差异?( )
A:具体与抽象
B:语态
C:动态与静态B. 语序
答案:动态与静态B. 语序

10.“中国特色社会主义是不是好,要看事实,要看中国人民的判断,而不是看那些戴着有色眼镜的人的主观臆断。”其中“有色眼镜”可译为 。( )
A:a distorted lens
B:tinted spectacles glasses
答案:tinted spectacles glasses

11.英译时要注意,除非有意强调或出于修辞的需要,英语倾向于避免重复;在能明确表达意思的前提下,尤其是在并列结构中,英语宜采用替代、省略或转换等方法,避免重复。( )
A:对
B:错
答案:对

期末考试题库

1. 汉语中有一些修饰词加动词的结构, 翻译成英语时动词前这些修饰语一定都要翻译出来。( )
答案:错

2. 我装作不懂她讲的话。I did not pretend to understand what she said. ( )
答案:对

3. 汉语的叠词生成后,往往带上了附加意义,即蕴涵意义。( )
答案:对

4. 把原文中两个或两个以上的简单句译成一个单句是合句法。( )
答案:对

5. 下面这句中文的英译,运用了语义解释的翻译技巧。 ( )原文:中国人民历来是勇于探索、勇于创造、勇于革命的。译文:The Chinese people have always been courageous in exploration, innovation and revolution.
答案:错

6. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据,以符号学的意义观为核心。语言符号具备三种意义,它们是______意义、______意义和______意义。( )
答案:言内###语用###指称

7. 翻译方法问题历来是翻译界争论不休的问题,争论的焦点主要在 ___和 ______,忠实与创造, ______和 ______,异化与归化。( )
答案:形式和内容###直译和意译

8. 下列英文句子汉译为:John likes to pat himself on the back. 约翰喜欢捶自己的背。( )
答案:错

9. 就英汉语言特点而言,下列选项中正确的是______. ( )
答案:英语被动态多,汉语被动式少###英语主从结构多,汉语并列结构多###英语抽象名词多,汉语抽象名词少

10. 根据语言学家Roman Jacobson, 就所涉及的语言而论, 翻译可以分为语内翻译、语际翻译、符际翻译。( )
答案:对

11. 中华民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切。Chinese people has never regarded human being as the highest creature among everything else since ancient times. 本句英文翻译使用了状语前置。( )
答案:错

12. 我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等莫不如此。Such examples have been set a lot by Chinese laboring people, great politicians and thinkers of past dynasties. 在本句中原文主语太长,可用使用主动句表达。( )
答案:错

13. 吾辈凡夫,生存在功利社会,终日忙忙碌碌,为柴米油盐所困,酒色财气所惑,既有追求,又有烦恼,若想做到从心所欲,难矣哉!根据中文结构“前轻后重”的特点,我们可以发现句子的核心是“吾辈凡夫在这个社会里想要做到从心所欲很难”,前面的信息都是说明功利社会的,属于事实背景部分,一般要放在从句或插入成分中。( )
答案:对

14. 下面这句话的翻译运用了______翻译技巧?( )原文:These date will be of some value in our research work.译文:这些资料对于我们的研究工作有些价值。
答案:倒译

15. I can't tell the time because the of the clock has been removed.( )
答案:hands

16. The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution.( )
答案:prominent

17. He said that no one could beat him at tennis, but he had to eat his word after losing several games.( )
答案:他说打网球谁也不能打败他,但他输了几局之后,他不得不承认自己说错了。

18. “孝”是中华儿女固有的美德。( )
答案:Filial piety is an inherent virtue of Chinese people.

19. Readers happy endings may find the unvarnished view of modern motherhood a bit unsettling.( )
答案:accustomed to

20. Table tennis is easy to learn, and, by the same token, boys don't need a lot of space to practice it.( )
答案:moreover

21. Tall,thin,elegant,with the air of a thorough-bred, he struck Passy as a curious mixture of a condottiere and Machiavelli.( )
答案:他身材修长,温文尔雅,风度翩翩。帕西从他身上得到的印象是:此人居然奇妙地集雇佣兵头头和权谋术士的特点于一身。

22. Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness,thrift avarice.( )
答案:过度的勇气变为蛮勇,过度的爱变为溺爱,过度的节俭变为含婪。

23. 自然界中的作用力必定要牵涉两个或两个以上的物体。( )
答案:There is never a force acting in nature unless two or more bodies are involved.

24. 我们之间关系的发展使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友而且成为兄弟。( )
答案:Our relations have so grown that they bind us not only as close friends but also as brothers.

25. The National Industrial Recovery Act was designed to spur industry.( )
答案:stimulate

26. The explorer told the boys about his in the African forest.( )
答案:adventures

27. Scarcity of deer in some areas or Texas is attributed to the screw-worm. ( )
答案:这种螺旋锥蝇的出现,就是因德克萨斯州某些地区鹿群稀少而造成的。

28. 在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文的内容,有保持原文的形式—特别是保持原文的比喻、形象和民族地方色彩等,这种译法叫做______。( )
答案:直译

29. 如果静思太久,觉得孤独了,不妨翻开你喜爱的书,书会使你轻松让你充实。( )
答案:When loneliness comes over you as a result of too much thinking, a favorite book will ease your mind and broaden your horizons.

30. Not until Kentucky’s Mammoth Cave had been completely explored in 1972 _____. ( )
答案:was its full extent realized

31. If my mother had known of it she'd have died a second time.( )
答案:要是我妈妈知道,她一定会气得从棺材里跳出来。

32. Martin has created enough memorable to make it easy to forgive his lows.( )
答案:highs

33. Earlier scientists thought that during a man's lifetime the power of his brain decreased.( )
答案:从前科学家认为,人越老,脑子的机能越衰弱。

34. 中国的丝绸产品比世界上任何其他国家都要多。China produces more silk products than any other cities in the world. 以上翻译是否正确?( )
答案:错

35. 汉语按逻辑循序发生先后叙述,而英语中时间状语从句可在主句前,也可在主句后。( )
答案:错

36. “意译”是指译文从意义出发,要求将原文的意义正确表达出来,不必拘泥于词、句、以及各种修辞手段的形式。 ( )
答案:对

37. 中文里往往会在具体信息后添加概括信息,如“以人为本”的理念,“先到先得“”的原则,粮食安全等问题都要用到这一翻译基本技巧,在翻译时直接翻译具体内容即可。( )
答案:对

38. 四字格又称四字结构, 是汉语中一种独特的词汇现象。是指汉语中广义的四字词组。( )
答案:对

39. 不久,他捧出那本《韦氏大学词典》回来了。Very soon he came back holding the Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary in his hand. ( )
答案:对

40. 下面这句话用到的翻译技巧有______。 ( )原文:听党指挥是灵魂,决定军队建设的政治方向。译文:It is essential for the military to follow the Party's commands, which determines the political orientation of military development.
答案:替代###语义解释###增译

41. 英语句子中充满了从属结构,从属结构包括了动词的非限定形式、介词短语和各种分句。从属结构可比作“树杈”,因此我们常将英语的句子比作树木结构。( )
答案:对

42. 关于英汉语言特征对比的论述,正确的是______。 ( )
答案:英语爱化零为整,汉语喜化整为零###英语重形合,汉语重意合###英语多用被动,汉语常用主动

43. 这尊塑像站了几百年,他觉得这是一种苦役。( )
答案:Having stood there for several hundred years, the statue had now come to detest it as a kind of forced drudgery.

44. 王力先生指出,中国语里多用意合法,______。( )
答案:联结成分并非必需

45. 鲁镇的酒店的格局,是和别处不同的:都是当街一个曲尺形的大柜台,柜里面预备着热水,可以随时温酒。( )
答案:The layout of Luzhen’s taverns is unique. In each, facing you as you enter, is a bar in the shape of a carpenter’s square where hot water is kept ready for warming wine.

46. 以下表述不正确的是_______( )
答案:语义翻译和交际翻译研究源语言的深层意义。

47. Only hotel guests have the of using the private beach.( )
答案:privilege

48. 下列四种“语体”中,______的语言最为正规。 ( )
答案:法律英语

49. Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence, although in fact, life is a constant struggle for them.( )
答案:misleading

50. 在地震发生前的最后几个小时里,断层周围不断增强的巨大压力会使岩石内部产生小裂缝,这使得岩石的密度增大,从而减缓信号传递的速度。( )
答案:The immense amount of pressure building along the fault causes small cracks within the rock during the final hours before an earthquake, increasing rock density and slowing the transmission of signals.

51. I wrote to my bank manager to getting alone.( )
答案:with a view

52. 寡孤独废疾者皆有所养。( )
答案:Those who have no kin and cannot support themselves as well as those who are sick or handicapped should all be properly taken care of.

53. 看着那么多曾经熟悉的面孔,我心里一阵难受,不觉落了几滴眼泪,感伤得说不出话来。( )
答案:I was struck by the thought that so many familiar faces would become a rare sight. I felt sad and choked with emotion, tears stealing down my cheeks.

54. Products which are made from dirt and are high temperatures are known as ceramics.( )
答案:subjected to

55. ______is a strategy in which a target text is produced which deliberately breaks target conventions by retaining something of the original. This method is “an ethno-deviant pressure on target-language culture values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text, sending the reader abroad” to have alien reading experience.( )
答案:Foreignization

56. The state of affairs in the countryside is a far cry from what it was in the past.( )
答案:农村的形势同以前截然不同了。

57. The Smiths have a Cute girl , and she is the apple of their eye. ( )
答案:掌上明珠

58. There's no pot so ugly it can't find a lid. 这句话的正确译文是_______。( )
答案:罐儿再丑,配个盖子不发愁。

59. We hope that the measures to control prices, taken by the government, will succeed.( )
答案:as

60. 空of recent political developments, he was taken by surprise upon his arrival in the capital.( )
答案:Unaware

61. 中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。( )
答案:A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries.

62. 在汉语中,有时 "两个或两个以上的不同主语的句子在表面上是并列的,没有主从或偏正关系, 但实际上有内在的逻辑关联和主次之分,因此不宜断句分译。( )
答案:对

63. 将He is armed to the teeth译成“他全副武装”,采用的是直译的方法。( )
答案:错

64. 科技文章往往用第一、第二人称句。( )
答案:对

65. 下列英文句子汉译为:从这次讲座中,我们学到了许多美国历史方面的知识。We studied much knowledge of American history from the lecture.( )
答案:错

66. 下列英文句子汉译为:But the youngest brother was able to fulfill his modest ambition.但最小的儿子却实现了他那谦逊的野心。( )
答案:错

67. 递进句群常用的关联词语有“而且、并且、甚至、甚而至于、何况、况且”等。( )
答案:对

68. 中文还有一个典型特点,即“双动词现象”,如调整和优化,提高和加强,保障和改善民生,加强和完善。以“调整和优化”为例,这两个词在具体上下文中往往属于同义动词,调整的目的就是优化,而优化就是一种调整,直接取同义翻译即可。( )
答案:对

69. 老师答应给这几个学生“吃小灶”可以翻译为The teacher has promised to give these students special tuition. “吃小灶”在这里本意是“个别辅导"。( )
答案:对

70. 下面这句话用到的翻译技巧有______。 ( )原文:中国走和平发展道路,其他国家也都要走和平发展道路。译文:China is pursuing peaceful development, and so are other countries.
答案:增译###替代

71. 解说句群可分为总分式、注解式、特解式、例解式、问答式等。( )
答案:对

72. 他为这件事竭尽全力。He spared no pains/efforts in doing this. 本句翻译时使用了补译。( )
答案:错

73. He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.( )
答案:他这个人优柔寡断,而且总是反复无常。

74. Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted 8cm deep and 5cm apart.( )
答案:develop well

75. Most comets have two kinds of tails, one made up of dust, made up of electrically charged particles called plasma. ( )
答案:the other

76. Legislators often respond to the quiet and professional pressure of lobbyists.( )
答案:议员们常常为游说者老谋深算的压力所左右。

77. Jim was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beaten countenance.( )
答案:skin

78. 互相尊重的精神是我们今天文化合作的基础。( )
答案:The framework of mutual respect sustains our own cultural cooperation today.

79. Only individual benefactors and ad hoc grants have made possible the ecological surveys already undertaken.( )
答案:special

80. 中国社会主义建设的航船将乘风破浪地驶向现代化的光辉彼岸。( )
答案:China will stride forward in building 0socialism, like a ship braving the wind and the waves, towards the glorious destination of modernization.

81. 所有机器在运转时都要损失能量。( )
答案:There is no machine but will lose energy when in motion.

82. It was a keen disappointment that i had to postpone my visit which l had intended to pay to Germany in January. ( )
答案:我原计划一月份访问德国,后来不得不予以推迟,这使我深感失望。

83. Such flights couldn’t long escape notice.( )
答案:这类飞行迟早会被人发觉的。

84. At the World Literacy Center, an organization that works to help people read, the helpers work hard, enabling them to successfully reach the goals.( )
答案:volunteers

85. 汉语的句子充满了并立分句,并立分句之间用逗号分开,直直的,没有“树杈”,像根竹子。( )
答案:对

86. 社会符号学的翻译标准是语义相符,功能相似。( )
答案:对

87. 选择句群常用的关联词语有“或者”、“还是”和“是A,还是B”等。( )
答案:对

88. 下次会议要讨论什么,你给我们透透风吧。 Will you give us some idea of what will be taken up at the next meeting? 本句话的翻译过程体现出了汉译英时会使用吊尾句的特点。( )
答案:对

89. 所谓翻译, 就是使用一种译语语言的文本材料去替换另一种源语语言的文本材料的跨文化的交际过程。( )
答案:对

90. 下列句子译为He wished to write an article that will attract public attention to the matter. 他想写一篇文章,以便能引起公众对这件事的关注。( )
答案:对

91. 英语翻译成汉语时,英语被称之为译入语,汉语被称之为译出语。( )
答案:错

92. 句群也叫句组,它由前后连贯共同表示一个中心意思的几个句子组成(一个句群起码包含两个以上的句子)。( )
答案:对

93. 中文外宣材料中,动词前多数情况下都有副词构成四字句增强气势,是中文行文习惯使然,中翻英时除非确有必要,否则可酌情去掉这些副词,同样,有时在英文行文时需要添加适当副词来加强语感。副词与形容词同属于表态判断词,需要在平时阅读英文是多加学习借鉴。( )
答案:对

94. 下面这句话的翻译运用了增译的翻译技巧. ( )原文:Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation’s basic occupation.译文:尽管工业方面取得了很大的进步,但农业始终是国家的基本事业。
答案:对

95. 就英汉两种语言对比而言, 这一说法正确。( )
答案:就句子内部而言,英语重形合,句内各成分联系紧密;汉语重意合,结构松散,更多依赖句内各成分的顺序。###就句子之间的联系而言,英语不太重视句子之间的联系,汉语则比较重视句子之间的联系。###英语无主句少,汉语无主句多。

96. 许渊冲提倡文学翻译要做到______、______和______。( )
答案:意美###形美###音美

97. 动物没有水不能生存,植物没有水也不能生长。Animals can live without water neither can plants grow. ( )
答案:错

98. 下面这句话,运用的翻译技巧有______。 ( )原文:人民军队为党和人民建立了不朽功勋,是保卫红色江山、维护民族尊严的坚强柱石,也是维护地区和世界和平的强大力量。译文:The people's military has made indelible achievements on behalf of the Party and the people. It is a strong pillar for safeguarding our socialist country and preserving national dignity.
答案:替代###语义解释###语义对应

99. 中文结构“前轻后重”,即中文结构事实、背景在前,表态、判断、结论在后;英文恰恰相反,是“前重后轻”。( )
答案:对

100. 下列句子译为:He is green with jealousy. 他因为嫉妒而发绿。 ( )
答案:错

101. 我们过了江,进了车站。我买了票,他忙着照看行李。......这时我看见他的背影,我的泪很快就流下来了。我赶紧拭干了泪,怕他看见,也怕别人看见。We crossed the Yangtze and arrived at the station. I bought a ticket. He saw to my luggage... At the sight of his back tears started to my eyes. I wiped them hastily so that neither he nor anyone else might see them. 这句话的英译实现了汉语的逻辑和连贯的“隐性”与英语的词法与句法的"显性”之间的转换。( )
答案:错

102. 翻译涉及诸多领域,对译者的要求有诸多方面,______。( )
答案:丰富的语言知识###宽广的知识面###扎实的语言基础

103. 六年来,在中央和国务院的正确领导下,经过西部地区各民族人民的艰苦奋斗、开拓创新,西部大开发取得了重大进展和明显成效。( )
答案:Over the past six years, we have made great progress and delivered impressive results in China's western development drive, which is due to the correct leadership of the cpc Central Committee and the State Council, and to the diligence and pioneering innovation of all ethnic groups in Western China.

104. 英语有时在句子里先出______,然后再出它所指的人或物。汉语一般总是先出实词,然后才用这种词。( )
答案:代词

105. More has been learned about the Moon than any other of the Earth's neighbors in space because of the Apollo program, which enabled men to walk on the moon and bring back hundreds of pounds of .( )
答案:rocks

106. If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality, we find one major similarity but a number of important differences.( )
答案:friendliness

107. 在下列四组特点中, ( )组符合英语语言的实际情况。( )
答案:重形合,多被动结构,多静态词,多替代,多物称词作主语

108. 以独生子女为养育对象的中国式核心家庭类似无限责任公司,父母对子女的前途命运负无限责任。( )
答案:The Chinese nuclear family, with a single child to bring up and educate, is not unlike a corporation with unlimited liabilities. In such a family, the parents take unlimited responsibility for their child's future and development.

109. Innovative approaches to manufacturing, coupled with the tremendous size of the domestic market, led to the emergence of the United States as an industrial giant.( )
答案:combined with

110. 水力计算的内容包括过流能力、上下游水流衔接、水头损失、水力过渡过程、压坡线、水面线、掺气、充水等。( )
答案:The contents of the hydraulic calculation include flow capacity, interconnection of up stream and down stream flow, headloss, hydraulic transition process, hydraulic grade line, flow profile, aeration, water filling, etc.

111. 原文: 三个臭皮匠,胜过诸葛亮。译文:The wit of three cobblers combined surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind. 本句划线部分使用的翻译策略是: ( )
答案:增译

112. 在被动结构方面______ ( )
答案:英语被动句用得多,汉语被动式用得少。

113. 一般来说,在用词方面,______。( )
答案:英语不喜欢重复,汉语则不怕重复

114. 不论她如何说,我也不相信这个消息。Whatever she said. I won't believe this___________. ( )
答案:piece of news

115. the variety that the average family has in beef, fish, poultry, and vegetarian recipes, they find most meals unexciting. ( )
答案:Despite

116. 西方教育理念强调亲情、呵护、鼓励。中国传统教育理念是“严”在其表,爱在其里。( )
答案:Western educational philosophy stresses parental affection, guidance and warm encouragement. Traditional Chinese educational philosophy, on the other hand, sees paternal love as stern and serious on the outside, but with no less affection deep within.

117. 事虽经纬万端,但综观全局,合则对国家有利,分则必伤民族元气。( )
答案:Complicated as the matter was, an overall view of the situation will show that united, the country and the nation benefit; divided they suffer.

118. Iceland has the oldest parliament which goes as far back to 930 A.D. when Althing, the legislative organization was established.( )
答案:assembly

119. Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans, the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.( )
答案:fields of study

120. 很难记住你不感兴趣的信息。_______very difficult to memorize the information that you are not interested in. ( )
答案:It is

121. Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition 0f body. ( )
答案:阳光同新鲜空气一样对于身体的健康不可缺少。

122. 按照合理布局、优化结构、突出重点的要求,加强宣传文化事业的基本建设。( )
答案:Fundamental work on publicity and cultural advancements will be stepped up according to the principles of rational distribution optimal structure and emphasis on key programs.

123. Until the final votes are cast, though, assurances for nothing. ( )
答案:account

124. “君不正,臣投外国,父不正,子奔他乡。”就是说,父亲必须以身作则,否则无法团结教育子女,履行父亲的管教责任,甚至可能导致父子反目、离心离德。( )
答案:The sages have left us a saying:"if the prince is not upright, his ministers will turn to serve other states; if a father is not upright, his offspring will flee to foreign lands."That is to say, a father must teach by personal example, or else he will fail to inspire confidence in his child and to carry out his duty. Worse still, father and son might grow estranged from each other or even become enemies.

125. The mountain is not valuable because it is high.( )
答案:山并不因为高而有价值。

126. 不管发生什么,他们都将完成这个试验。No matter what happens, they ________this experiment.( )
答案:will complete

127. The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools.( )
答案:strong

128. “信、达、雅”这一翻译标准,是严复在他翻译的__________一书中的“译例言”中提出的。( )
答案:《天演论》

129. It serves little purpose to have continued public discussion of this issue.( )
答案:继续公开讨论这个问题盲目得很。

130. 就句子之间的联系而言,下列说法正确的是______ ( )
答案:英语比较重视句子之间的联系,汉语则不大重视句子之间的联系

131. 世事洞明皆学问,人情练达即文章。( )
答案:True learning implies a clear insight into human activities. Genuine culture involves the skilful manipulation of human relationships.

132. I would not change my present situation for that of my accusers,to escape all that torture can inflict upon me.( )
答案:我不会为了逃避可能加在我身上的种种苦刑而改变我目前的立场,转而采取告发我的人的立场。

133. 英译时要注意,除非有意强调或出于修辞的需要,英语倾向于避免重复;在能明确表达意思的前提下,尤其是在并列结构中,英语宜采用替代、省略或转换等方法,避免重复。( )
答案:对

134. 原文:100年来,党领导人民不懈奋斗,不断进取,成功开辟了实现中华民族伟大复兴的正确道路。译文:Over the past century, the party has led the people in forging ahead ceaselessly, opening up the right path to national rejuvenation.这句话的翻译中体现了英汉两种语言的什么差异?( )
答案:动态与静态B. 语序

135. “全面依法治国是一个系统工程,必须统筹兼顾、把握重点、整体谋划,更加注重系统性、整体性、协同性。”翻译这句话时,因为句子较长,为使译文简洁,可考虑将长句分为三个独立句子,并添加主语we。( )
答案:对

136. “反腐败斗争”可译为 。( )
答案:the struggle against corruption###the fight against corruption###the anti-corruption campaign###fight/combat corruption

137. 翻译“中国特色社会主义法治道路”时,“法治道路”的“道路”一词属于范畴类虚义名词,在英文中可不译。( )
答案:对

138. “中国特色社会主义是不是好,要看事实,要看中国人民的判断,而不是看那些戴着有色眼镜的人的主观臆断。”其中“有色眼镜”可译为 。( )
答案:tinted spectacles glasses

139. “勇于自我革命是中国共产党区别于其他政党的显著标志。”这句话中“自我革命”可译为self-reform, self-transformation或 self- revolution。( )
答案:错

140. “新发展理念”可译为a new vision of development.译文中下划线的单词还可以用哪个词来替代?( )
答案:philosophy.

141. “人类命运共同体”有不同的译法,如a human community with a shared future,a global community of shared future等,目前较推荐的译法是a human community with a shared future。( )
答案:错

142. “供给侧结构性改革”可译为supply-side structural reform。( )
答案:对

143. 中国改革经过三十多年,已进入深水区。其中,“深水区”,可直译为deep water zone。( )
答案:错

144. 佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲的聪明能干,却舒服。( )
答案:The life of a tenant farmer's family was of course hard, but we somehow managed to scrape along because mother was a clever and able woman.

145. 我想,那好吧,让这妮子靠在我这老头子的肩上宽一下心。( )
答案:I thought, well, the lass could use a bit of an old shoulder to lean on.

146. 鳏寡孤独废疾者皆有所养。( )
答案:Those who have no kin and cannot support themselves as well as those who are sick or handicapped should all be properly taken care of.

147. 父亲吊起他的双手,用粗粗的皮带抽打他。重重的体罚只会加重他的叛逆。( )
答案:His father had to resort to such severe punishment as hanging him by the hands and flogging him with a strong belt, which only drove him further to defiance.

148. 如果人生像水一样注定要流进容器,我愿意像杯子、像面盆、哪怕是塑料桶。即便没有大海的宽阔和深沉,即便平庸。但是,活得简单、干脆、透明、实用。( )
答案:If life must be shaped by its container, I'd rather mine take the shape of a cup, a basin or even a plastic bucket; lacking the width and depth of the sea, plain and common as it is, my life is at least simple, upright, transparent and useful.

149. 当前,祖国内地和香港的发展都处在一个新的历史起点上。我们既面临着难得的发展机遇,也面临着严峻挑战。( )
答案:We are now standing at a new historical juncture in the development of both the mainland and Hong Kong and are facing rare opportunities for development and severe challenges.

150. 他被叫到老师办公室。走在去办公室的路上,他做好了种种应付老师的心理准备。他想,老师这次一定不会轻易饶他的。( )
答案:He was consequently summoned to the teacher's office. On the way he was trying to steel himself for the teacher's impending reproaches; he knew he would not be spared this time.

151. 我们又总是关注一件事时才发现另一件,于是我们便常常被绊住,闹得举棋不定。( )
答案:It often occurs that our attention is drawn to one thing only after we have engaged in another. The former may be more important than the latter and give rise to a divided mind.

152. 六年来,在中央和国务院的正确领导下,经过西部地区各族人民的艰苦奋斗、开拓创新,西部大开发取得了重大进展和明显成效。( )
答案:Over the past six years, we have made great progress and delivered impressive results in China's Western Development Drive, which is due to the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and to the diligence and pioneering innovation of all ethnic groups in Western China.

153. 别的方面呢?平常女孩子所喜好的事,她却一点都不爱。( )
答案:And what's more, she didn't share the same likes with ordinary girls.

154. 原文:获悉贵国遭受地震,我们极为关切。译文:We are deeply concerned by the news that your country has been struck by an earthquake.翻译本句时,译者运用的主要翻译方法是______。( )
答案:词类转换法

155. 原文:They enjoy three of the best things in life along the Nile — tea, conversation, and the water pipe.译文:他们享受着尼罗河沿岸人生中三件最美好的事情——喝茶、聊天和抽水烟。翻译本句时,译者运用的主要翻译方法是______。 ( )
答案:增词法

156. 大自然对人的恩赐,无论贫富,一律平等。People,rich or poor, are equally favored by Nature. 本句翻译时使用了主被动语态的转换。( )
答案:对

157. 黄鼠狼给鸡拜年,不怀好心。The weasel goes to pay respects to the henwthout the best of intentions. the weasel pays a courtesy visit to the hen with evil intent. 本句话体现了正反转换的翻译方法。( )
答案:对

158. 原文:绝对不许违反这个原则。译文:No violation of this principle can be tolerated.对该句子的翻译,该译者采用的主要翻译技巧是______。( )
答案:词类转换

159. 原文:该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛,经久耐用。译文: The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.对于原文中的划线部分,译者采用的主要翻译技巧是______。 ( )
答案:词类转换

160. 我完全同意。I can't agree with you more. 本句翻译时实现了正说反译。( )
答案:对

161. 原文: An acquaintance of history is helpful to the study of current affairs.译文:熟悉历史有助于研究时事。本句中运用的主要翻译方法是:( )
答案:具体变抽象

162. 下面这句话的翻译运用了哪种翻译技巧?______( )原文: An increase in the December 2006 passenger volume by 13.3 percent versus the same month last year meant that the total for the full year (19.2 million passengers) was 7.6 percent higher than in 2005.译文: 2006年12月的旅客人数较前一年同期增加了13.3%, 这说明全年的旅客总数(1920万人)较2005年增加了7.6%。
答案:长句拆分

163. 人们在叙述同一事物或表达同一思想时,可以正说,也可以反说。例如,他是外乡人。他不是本地人。通常情况下,汉译英采用对应译法,即正说正译,反说反译。( )
答案:对

164. 汉英段落翻译时,连贯性问题尤为重要。在英语中一般重视代词、同义词近义词,而汉语中则少重复,多替代。( )
答案:对

165. 英语句式的连贯显______( )
答案:外显性

166. 就句子结构而言,一般来说,___________。( )
答案:汉语多用并列结构,英语多用主从结构

167. 代词在英语和汉语里都经常使用,但总的说来,______。( )
答案:英语代词用得多,汉语代词用得少

168. 以下哪个选项是汉语的特点:( )
答案:意合、隐含性,短句多、 结构如竹节

169. 在被动结构方面 _______。( )
答案:英语被动句用得多,汉语被动式用得少。

170. 在翻译中,当多个时间状语出现时,英语按时间先后顺序排列,而汉语中状语的顺序则比较灵活。( )
答案:错

171. 汉语中被动句的使用范围相当窄,而英语中被动句表现能力强,使用频率高。汉译英时,必要时应改变句子的语态,以适应表达的需要。( )
答案:对

172. 关于英汉语言对比,不正确的是_____( )
答案:主题突出一一主语突出

173. 汉语有很多无主句,这符合汉语意合的思维习惯。而英语则多重_______,句子一般都需要主句。汉译英时,就需要补出省略的主语,或改变句型结构。( )
答案:形合

174. 泰特勒提出了著名的翻译三原则,1)译文应该完全传达有原文的思想,2)译文的写法与风格与原文的写法与风格相同,3)译文应如同译语创作一样流畅。( )
答案:对

175. 美国理论家奈达(Eugene A. Nida)把翻译定义为“ Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language, the equivalent of the source language message first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style.”( )
答案:对

176. 指称意义也称认知意义,指词语所指客体思想或行为之间的直接联系,指词的确切和字面的意义,就是字典意义。( )
答案:错

177. 语言的七大功能包括以下哪些选项?( )
答案:表情功能###信息功能###呼唤功能###美感功能

178. 广博文化可以从以下哪些方面理解?( )
答案:翻译理论以及翻译相研究相关学科的知识,比如语言学及各个分支哲学,哲学,文学,心理学,美学等###知识面,比如历史,地理,风土人情,自然风貌,文学艺术,文化传统,宗教信仰等###汉英两种语言所反映的中西文化差异的知识

179. 柳宗元的《江雪》的第一句“千山鸟飞绝”中的“千山”译为“a thousand mountains”.( )
答案:错

180. 在中国影响最深,流传最广的翻译标准是严复的“信、达、雅”。( )
答案:对

181. 翻译的基本单位有哪些?( )
答案:篇章###段落###句子###词语

182. 蕴含意义也称为情感意义,指词内涵的情感和联想意义,或词的隐含意义。( )
答案:对

183. 翻译中的惯用法意识表现在学习者了解、熟悉并处处有意遵循英语的习惯用法,包括动词的用法、动词和其他词语的搭配(如动词与名词、介词、副词的搭配)、习语的用法、英语词汇中丰富的表达方式等。( )
答案:对